Viral infections and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients in Northern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/prmj.1027Palabras clave:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Immunosuppressive agents, Viral infections, Kidney transplantation, CoinfectionResumen
Purpose: To identify the occurrence of opportunistic viral infections and analyze their association with sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables in kidney transplant recipients at a referral hospital in Northern Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional, analytical, descriptive, and retrospective study included 78 kidney transplant recipients followed between January 2022 to June 2025. Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data were collected. Statistical analyses included absolute and relative frequencies, Fisher’s exact test, and binomial logistic regression, adopting a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Viral infection prevalence was 71.8%, with Cytomegalovirus being the most frequent pathogen. No significant association was found between sociodemographic variables and viral infection occurrence (p>0.05). A significant association was observed between immunosuppressive regimens and viral coinfection (p=0.006). The presence of viral infection was the only factor significantly associated with hospitalization (p<0.001), whereas sex, age, and immunosuppressive regimen showed no significant association. Conclusion: Opportunistic viral infections are highly prevalent among kidney transplant recipients, with Cytomegalovirus as the predominant agent. Viral infection was associated with adverse clinical outcomes, particularly hospitalization, highlighting the importance of early monitoring and management in this population.
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