Irregular anti-erythrocyte antibodies identified in female blood donors at a blood center of the state of Pará, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5327/prmj.2025.003Keywords:
antibodies, blood donors, blood group incompatibility, erythroblastosis fetalAbstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of irregular anti-erythrocyte antibodies identified in the female population of blood donors at the coordinating blood center of the state of Pará. Methods: A study was conducted with women who presented positive irregular antibody tests in the screening of alloimmunized blood donations who donated blood at the Hemopa Foundation, and who answered an epidemiological questionnaire containing data associated with the forms of alloimmunization. Results: It was shown that alloimmunization is more frequent in women, possibly due to greater exposure to sensitizing factors, such as pregnancy and abortion, which represent additional risks for the development of alloantibodies. The study also demonstrated that anti-D, of the Rh system, is the main antibody related to alloimmunization and subsequent perinatal hemolytic disease. However, other antibodies belonging to the Rh system and other blood group systems were also identified as clinically significant, although at a lower frequency. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the need to include the test for irregular antibodies in the prenatal screening of women, as well as the investigation of the patient's clinical history regardless of Rh typing.
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